After injury and inflammation comes repair. Repair is the restoration of normal structure and function to injured tissue.
Read about it here.
Tissue regeneration requires an intact supporting stromal framework.
One element of this framework is the extracellular matrix. Read about extracellular matrix here.
The other stromal framework element is the basement membrane.
Photomicrograph from here.
Without the support of the extracellular matrix and basement membrane, tissues cannot return to normal and scarring occurs.
Angiogenesis is the growth of new blood vessels into the wound. View this NIH tutorial on angiogenesis in relation to tumor metastasis. It's a slide show, so just keep clicking on the arrow in the upper right corner.
There is also an entire issue of Nature devoted to angiogenesis with free text available here. This article is especially good.
Scar development follows angiogenesis. Read about scar development here.
What about tissue repair of the perineal region that is torn during childbirth?
You can read about this at these links here, here and here. Or you can listen to an NPR report on the topic here.
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